要想在四六級作文上獲得高分,就要真正培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英文寫作的良好習(xí)慣,因此必須從日常的英文學(xué)習(xí)入手。新概念3正是這樣一本與四六級寫作難度相當?shù)膬?yōu)秀教材。學(xué)生通過模仿以及靈活運用其中的經(jīng)典句型,可以迅速提高英文寫作水平,從而拿到四六級寫作的高分。下面將為大家介紹新概念3可以在哪幾個方面為考生提供提分捷徑:
一 文章的邏輯性和連貫性
英語思維模式中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位的是直線型思維方式(Linearity),這種方式起源于柏拉圖和亞里士多德以及古希臘的演說歷史文化。這種思維方式要求文章開宗明義,第一句話就概括出主題思想,然后再引出具體事例來發(fā)展思路,真正做到環(huán)環(huán)相扣,最后結(jié)尾處總結(jié)全文。形式上表現(xiàn)為:主題句——發(fā)展句——結(jié)尾句。而且英語中起連接過渡作用的詞語特別多,并且這些詞語出現(xiàn)的頻率相當高,所以整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次特別清晰。然而,中國人的思維方式屬螺旋型,因此寫作時傾向于先圍繞主題外圍闡述評論,然后以反復(fù)而又發(fā)展的螺旋型形式對主題展開論述。這種方式強調(diào)思維的連貫,因此很多情況下并不需要用過渡詞語來表現(xiàn),所以中國學(xué)生很少注意過渡詞語的運用,導(dǎo)致寫出的語段缺乏連貫性。
新概念三的文章因為過渡詞語的巧妙運用使得語句連貫,過渡自然,比如:
However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. (Lesson1)
模仿這一句話的結(jié)構(gòu),我們可以在“Global Shortage of Energy Resources”中運用這樣一句話:
However, as the world’s population is growing rapidly, we are facing the danger of running out of energy resources, for the mass waste of energy by human beings is increasing at the same time.
通過不斷的模仿練習(xí),我們將掌握各種過渡詞匯的運用,從而突破以前只會寫簡單句的尷尬,逐漸適應(yīng)寫出漂亮的復(fù)雜句。不僅做到句子內(nèi)部邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)清楚,而且句子之間邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,過渡順暢,連接自然。
二 句式的多樣性
僅僅只注意了邏輯層面的文章還是不夠的,要想拿到12分以上的高分,我們必須在語言的多樣性和句式的變換上下功夫。新概念三同樣為我們提供了很多模仿性極強的經(jīng)典句式。
1 文章開頭運用同位語對所論述的核心名詞進行解釋
Mr. Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop,was admiring a new window display. (Lesson6)
如果要寫一篇關(guān)于環(huán)境污染的文章,我們可以這樣開頭
Environmental pollution, a phenomenon which lasted a number of years, has grown more and more serious.
2 以副詞開頭的句子
平時寫文章我們習(xí)慣于副詞緊靠所修飾的動詞,殊不知靈活運用副詞可以使文章的表達增色不少。
Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. (Lesson 44)
在一篇關(guān)于能源問題的文章中,我們可以運用以副詞開頭的句子。
Eventually our natural resources, however abundant, will run out.
3 以介詞短語開頭的句子
In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned. (Lesson 45)
在論文中,我們通常會寫“不同的人對于所議論的這個問題有著不同的看法”這句話:
In discussing this problem, different people have different opinions.
4 當句子的主語、賓語過長時,我們可以使用it充當形式主語、形式賓語,從而平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)。
It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. (Lesson 1) (it充當形式主語)
當我們要批駁一個錯誤觀點時,我們可以這樣表達
It is hard to believe that some people should have such a stupid idea.
Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way. (Lesson 26) (it充當形式賓語)
以“Getting to know the world outside the campus”為題目的作文中,我們可以這樣開頭
With the development of our society, the campus is no longer an “ivory tower” and students find it hard to confine themselves to the campus.
5 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)用在描述型的文章中可以使表達更生動。
The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. (Lesson 6)
要描述一個月黑風高的夜晚,我們可以這樣寫
With the breeze becoming stronger and the moonlight giving the lake a sinister appearance, the night grew more dangerous.
6 分詞的運用令文章行文簡潔,明快。
Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs. (Lesson 13)(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表示原因)
在“How I Finance My College Education”中可以這樣寫
Not wanting to seek help from the loan programs, I decided to offer instruction as a tutor.
三 使用形象的修辭語言
修辭是加強表達效果的一種語言手段。靈活運用修辭不僅可以使文章的內(nèi)容更加形象化具體化,而且可以提升文章的檔次,給予閱卷老師良好的印象。
1 比喻:這是最常見的修辭方式,是對兩種具有共同特性的事物或現(xiàn)象進行類比的一種修辭手法。
It was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence. (Lesson58)
我們在描述學(xué)生的生活很忙碌時可以使用比喻的修辭手法
They are as busy as a bee.
2 夸張:夸張是以超越實際的概念烘托或渲染所要強調(diào)的事物的一種修辭手法。
We resolve to get up earlier each morning, eat less, find more time to play with the children, do a thousand and one jobs about the house,… (Lesson 50)
在文章中提到兩個差別很大的觀點時,為了使表達更加形象而生動我們可以這樣寫:
These two opinions are different from each other in a thousand and one ways.
四 語言的美感
新概念的文章不但結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,行文流暢,而且語言極富表現(xiàn)力和感染力,令人體會到英語本身風情萬種的一面。閱讀并且模仿這樣的文章,不僅可以提高我們對于英文寫作的興趣,而且可以提升我們的英文功底。
Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. (Lesson 41)
這一連串的描述生動地向我們展示了一幅黎明時分的田園風光。模仿這一句話,我們可以描寫一個英俊的男子:
Nothing can be compared with his bright eyes, great nose, red lips, and broad shoulders.
如果我們稍作改動,把“broad shoulders”改成“supple knees”,那這句話就可以用來描繪一個美麗的女子。
依靠新概念三來提高我們的寫作水平和技巧猶如站在巨人的肩膀上,它可以令我們站得更高,看得更遠。
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