2016年職稱英語考試《概括大意》特點(diǎn)及解題技巧

   2016年職稱英語備考各題型特點(diǎn)及答題技巧匯總

   2016年職稱英語備考各題型特點(diǎn)及答題技巧匯總，供考生參考。

　　概括大意題出題特點(diǎn)1：段落中有明顯的段落主題句(通常出現(xiàn)在段落的開頭部分, 如段首句; 有時還可能出現(xiàn)在段落的結(jié)尾處)

　　概括大意答題技巧1：利用段落中的段落主題句直接判斷段落主題：

　　例子1：

　　A Origin(起源) of the tie

　　B British ties

　　C Uselessness(無用) of the tie

　　D Old-fashioned(過時的) ties

　　E Role(作用) of the tie

　　F Signs(跡象，標(biāo)記) of a tieless era(時代)

　　23.Paragraph 2 _____.

　　2 That leads to (導(dǎo)致) another question.(不是直接涉及文章主題的觀點(diǎn)性/概括性的話語) Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose(沒有用途)(該句是直接涉及文章主題的觀點(diǎn)性話語，因此很可能是段落主題句).(解釋性的話語：) They do not cover(覆蓋) any part of your body (身體)and keep(使...保持....) you warm. They always seem to get covered in food stains. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie. It lets everyone know what you just ate.

　　補(bǔ)充：英語通常寫作邏輯：觀點(diǎn)句/概括句 + 分析解釋(如： 舉例說明)

　　例子1：

　　A Education

　　B People

　　C Transport(交通)

　　D Drinks(酒/飲料)

　　E Food

　　F Nightlife(夜生活)

　　24.Paragraph 3 _____.

　　3 Getting around (在...出行)England(英格蘭) is pretty easy(與段落主題相關(guān)的觀點(diǎn)句).(接下來的句子中含有大量的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞) Budget(廉價的)airlines (航空公司)like Easy jet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains (火車)can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive (though quicker) than buses. London’s famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs (微型出租車)are cheaper competitors, with freelance(個體的)drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London’s underground (地鐵)is called the Tube. It’s very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.

　　A Effects of a stroke

　　B Annual cost of stroke in the US

　　C Definition and description of a stroke

　　D Breakthroughs in treatment

　　E Risk factors of stroke

　　F Warning signs of a stroke

　　25.Paragraph 4 ___.

　　4 The American Stroke Association has identified(識別) several factors(因素) that increase(增加) the risk of stroke(中風(fēng)).(權(quán)威人士/權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)/研究發(fā)現(xiàn)/觀點(diǎn)，如果出現(xiàn)在段落開頭部分的語句中， 這樣的話語很可能就是其所在段落的主題句) The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke. Some of these you can’t control, such as increasing age, family health history, race, and prior stroke. But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk. Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider’s help. Some of these include: high blood pressure, current smoking, heart disease, and high red blood cell count.

　　概括大意題出題特點(diǎn)2：段落中含有明顯的段落主題詞

　　概括大意題答題技巧2：借助段落中主題詞直接判斷段落主題(段落小標(biāo)題中應(yīng)該直接/間接包含段落主題詞)。

　　提示：段落主題詞是在段落中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)(至少出現(xiàn)3次以上)， 而且?guī)缀踟灤┤�段出現(xiàn)的詞語;段落中的某個詞語/短語結(jié)構(gòu)在段落中與其近義詞/家族詞匯共出現(xiàn)在至少3次以上，則這個詞語連同其近義詞/家族詞匯均為其所在段落主題詞。

　　A Education

　　B People

　　C Transport(交通)

　　D Drinks(酒/飲料)

　　E Food

　　F Nightlife(夜生活)

　　23.Paragraph 2 _____.

　　2 Most people have strong preconceptions(成見) about the British. But if you’re one of these people, you’d be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. It’s certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners (寵物主人)and gardeners(園丁) than the UK.

　　概括大意出題特點(diǎn)3：段落中沒有明顯段落主題詞及段落主題句

　　提示：當(dāng)段落中沒有明顯主題詞及主題句時還可采�。�1。反向排除法; 2：細(xì)節(jié)信息確定主題法;

　　A. An introduction(引入，介紹) of a Toyota(豐田汽車)’s 225 horsepower (特征詞)(馬力)V6 engine(發(fā)動機(jī))(motor的近義詞).

　　B. A description(描述) of the nanomotor(納米發(fā)動機(jī)) in terms of (在...方面)power(動力， 權(quán)力) and size(大小，尺寸).

　　C. Surface tension(專業(yè)詞匯/細(xì)節(jié)信息詞)(表面張力).

　　D. Previous(以前的， 早先的) inventions(發(fā)明) of nanoscale(納米級的) products(產(chǎn)品).

　　E. The working principle (工作原理)of the nanomotor(納米發(fā)動機(jī)).

　　F. Possible(可能的) fields(領(lǐng)域， 天地， 運(yùn)動場) of application(運(yùn)用) in the future(將來).

　　2. paragraph 4 ___.

　　Although the amount of energy produced is small -- 20 microwatts(微瓦) -- it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor. The whole setup(設(shè)備， 機(jī)構(gòu)) is less than 200 nanometers(毫微米) on a side, or hundreds of times(倍/時期/次) smaller than the width(寬度) of a human hair(頭發(fā)). If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine, it would be 100 million times more powerful(強(qiáng)大的) than a Toyota Camry’s 225 horsepower V6 engine.

　　2.B motor及engine很可能就是其所在段落的主題詞。由此判斷A或B可能是答案。借助段落中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)(涉及到數(shù)字的結(jié)構(gòu)，分別描述大小和動力)， 由此判斷B是答案。

　　A. An introduction(引入，介紹) of a Toyota(豐田汽車)’s 225 horsepower (馬力)V6 engine(發(fā)動機(jī))(motor的近義詞).

　　C. Surface tension(表面張力).

　　D. Previous(以前的， 早先的) inventions(發(fā)明) of nanoscale(納米級的) products(產(chǎn)品).

　　F. Possible(可能的) fields(領(lǐng)域， 天地， 運(yùn)動場) of application(運(yùn)用) in the future(將來).

　　3. paragraph 5 ___.

　　In 1988, Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating (工作的， 操作的)micromotor(微型發(fā)動機(jī)), which was 100 microns across, or about the thickness of a human hair. In 2003, Zettl's group created the first nanoscale motor. In 2006, they built a nanoconveyor(納米傳送帶), which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factory.

　　3. D 段落中出現(xiàn)了典型細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)， --涉及到數(shù)字的時間，從過去的時間到現(xiàn)在的時間，由此判斷段落主題與關(guān)于歷史的敘述相關(guān)。因此D是答案。從段落的具體內(nèi)容上看， 該段介紹了發(fā)明納米發(fā)動機(jī)之前的一些納米等級的機(jī)械產(chǎn)品，如體積大一些的納米發(fā)動機(jī)，微型發(fā)動機(jī)，納米傳送帶，納米機(jī)器等。選項 D 概括了本段的大意。

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