職稱英語(yǔ)綜合AB類環(huán)球網(wǎng)校精講班資料(3)

Passage 1： Preserving Nature for Future

    Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studied by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45 percent of reptile species and 24 percent of butterflies are in danger of dying out. 

    European concern for wildlife was outlined by Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and natural resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council's diploma for nature reserves of the highest quality, and Dr Baum had had come to present it to the park once again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed to be allowed to survive in peace in their own right. 

     "No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction", he went on. The shortsighted view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should b replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to reserve nature for the future.

    " We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends, " Dr Baum went on. " we could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment area, which are the original parts of our countryside, have shrunk to become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land mass."
 
1. Recent studies by the Council of Europe have indicated that
  A) wildlife needs more protect only in Britain.
  B) all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.
  C) there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere.
  D) many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting.

2. Why did Dr Baum come to a British national park 
   A) Because he needed to present it with a council's diploma.
   B) Because he was concerned about its management.
   C) Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.
   D) Because it was the only park which had ever received a diploma from the     Council.

3. The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that
   A) people should make every effort to create more environment areas.
   B) people would go on protecting national parks.
   C) certain areas of countryside should be left intact.
   D) people would defend the right to develop the areas  around national park.

4. In Dr Baum's opinion, the view that a nation reserve should serve as a tourist attraction is
    A) idealistic
    B) revolutionary
    C) shortsighted
    D) traditional

5. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
   A) We have developed industry at the expense of countryside.
   B) We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like.
   C) People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.
   D) We should destroy all the built-up areas. 

Passage 2：The Cherokee Nation

    Long before the white man came to America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations. The nation of the Cherokees lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States.

    After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible -- there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.

    In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?

    The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback.  It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000had died. It was indeed a march of death. 

1. The Cherokee Nation used to live
    A) on the American continent.
    B) in the southeastern part of the US.
    c) beyond the Mississippi River.
    D) in the western territory.

2. One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of
   A) writing down the spoken language.
   B) making word pictures.
   C) teaching his people reading.
   D) printing their own newspaper.

3. A law was passed in 1830 to
   A) allow the Cherokees to stay where they were.
   B) send the army to help the Cherokees.
   C) force the Cherokees to move westward.
   D) forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper.

4. When the Cherokees began to leave their lands,
    A) they went in carts.
    B) they went on horseback.
    C) they marched on foot.
    D) all of the above.

5. Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because
    A) they were not willing to go there.
    B) the government did not provide transportation.
    C) they did not have enough food and clothes.
    D) the journey was long and boring.

參考答案：

Passage 1：Preserving Nature for Future

1．D．題干問的是歐洲委員會(huì)最近的研究表明了什么。第一段的最后一句說“45%的爬行 物種和24%的蝴蝶正瀕臨滅絕”，因此選擇D是答案。

2．A．題干問的是鮑姆博士為什么來到英國(guó)的一個(gè)國(guó)家公園。文章中Dr. Baum had come to present it to the park once again../ 鮑姆博士再次來到這里是為了給這個(gè)公園頒發(fā)委員會(huì)的證書。

3．C．第2段最后一句說到的natural environments和最后一段中的 ..our natural environmental areas, which are the original parts of our countryside../原屬于我們鄉(xiāng)村組成部分的自然環(huán)境區(qū)域..,這兩句合起來可以推斷出“鄉(xiāng)村的某些區(qū)域應(yīng)保存完好”，所以C是答案。

4．C．第3段中“The short-sighted view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoors recreation/自然保護(hù)區(qū)必須滿足人類戶外娛樂迫切需要的這種目光短淺的觀點(diǎn)”反映了答案C（目光短淺），該題考察定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)。

5．A．最后一段中有幾處間接地提到了工業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)環(huán)境的破壞，如：We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature.（沒有大多數(shù)的工業(yè)產(chǎn)品我們還能生存，但如果沒有自然界我們則無(wú)法存活下去）由此可見選項(xiàng)A是正確的。

Passage 2： The Cherokee Nation

1．B．問題問“柴羅基部落過去生活在什么地方？”。答案查找線索詞：柴羅基部落及l(fā)ive(居住)。于是在第1段的最后一句中找到答案相關(guān)句.

2．A．問題問“Sequoyah從白人哪兒拷貝來的其中一個(gè)方法是什么？”。答案查找線索詞：Sequoyah 和the white man（白人）。第2段的段首句說“白人來了以后，柴羅基人從白人哪兒拷貝了許多白人的方法?！?，然后接著說“一個(gè)被稱為Sequoyah的柴羅基人怎樣，怎樣?！保梢姶鸢赶嚓P(guān)句在該段。該段提到了“柴羅基人做了文字圖片”，于是否定了答案B；該段的最后依據(jù)并不是說“是從白人哪兒學(xué)會(huì)的報(bào)紙印刷”，所以否定答案D；而該段中也未說“教他的人民識(shí)字”；所以答案只能是A（記下口語(yǔ)）。而該段的確是講從白人哪兒學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用字母符號(hào)記錄發(fā)音的方法。

3．C．問題問“1830年通過的法律的內(nèi)容是什么？”。借助答案線索詞1830 查找答案相關(guān)句。很快發(fā)現(xiàn)第3段包含該年代。段首句說“1830年，美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過了一條法律?！?，接著的一句又說“該法律允許政府把印第安人從他們的土地上驅(qū)逐出去?！薄Ｒ罁?jù)此判斷A錯(cuò)誤（A說讓印第安人留在他們自己的土地上。），同時(shí)據(jù)此判斷B也不對(duì)（B說派軍隊(duì)去幫助柴羅基人。）C說“逼迫柴羅基人西行?！?，D說“禁止柴羅基人讀他們自己的報(bào)紙”，相比之下，C的說法更接近原文。

4．D．問題問“在什么時(shí)候柴羅基人開始離開了他們的土地？”。在第4段中發(fā)現(xiàn)“the sick, the old and the small children went in carts, … the rest of the people on foot or rode on horseback.”中包含了前三個(gè)備選答案，所以答案是D（上述所有的內(nèi)容）。

5．C． 問題問“許多的柴羅基人死在了他們?nèi)ネ录覉@的路上，這主要是因?yàn)槭裁丛颍俊?。在?段剩下的部分中不難發(fā)現(xiàn)“the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey.”一句，該句說“柴羅基人很快就被旅途的艱辛弄的筋疲力盡。”對(duì)比四個(gè)備選答案的語(yǔ)義，不難判斷C合適（沒有食物和衣物印證旅途的艱辛。）    (環(huán)球網(wǎng)校獨(dú)家資料,如需轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處)