2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)第二套

更新時(shí)間：2015-12-29 13:53:49 來源：環(huán)球網(wǎng)校

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摘要　　【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校：2016年職稱英語考試即將開始報(bào)名，目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進(jìn)的復(fù)習(xí)中。對(duì)此，環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)匯總》，希望備考2016年

　　【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校：2016年職稱英語考試即將開始報(bào)名，目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進(jìn)的復(fù)習(xí)中。對(duì)此，環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)匯總》，希望備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生都能順利通關(guān)。

　　The Building of the Pyramids

　　The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. __1__. There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the “ step ” pyramid and “ Bent ”pyramid.

　　Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.__2__. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last forever.

　　__3__. However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. __4__. Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.

　　One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build.

　　__5__. You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.

　　A　The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.

　　B It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.

　　C The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.

　　D Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.

　　E Many people were killed while building the pyramids.

　　F They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.

　　1. F。第一句說“金字塔是世界上最古老的石頭建筑”， F說“它們已經(jīng)屹立了將近5000年并且似乎會(huì)繼續(xù)存在數(shù)前年”，以實(shí)際數(shù)字說明了第1句。(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)第二套)

　　2. A。A說“埃及干燥的氣候有助于保持金字塔，金字塔自身的形狀也使之不容易毀壞。”空格后句的主語these就是指這兩個(gè)原因。

　　3. B。B說“幾乎可以確定的是(埃及人)為建造金字塔指定了施工方案，因?yàn)橛行┢渌笮徒ㄖ墓こ虉D已被幸運(yùn)地保存下來，”后一句說“然而沒有文字記錄或圖片告訴我們埃及人如何設(shè)計(jì)或建造金字塔。”。這兩句在意思上形成轉(zhuǎn)折。

　　4. D。根據(jù)本段前面兩句的句意這里應(yīng)該選擇D(因此，我們只能猜測(cè)他們使用的方法)。

　　5. C。該段首句說有一件事情確定無疑，即他們(埃及人)開工前一定花了數(shù)月時(shí)間仔細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)建造方案，C說“他們要做的第一件事情就是選址”，和第一句意思連貫，而且下文中的this只能指選址這件事。

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　　Bedwetting (尿床)

　　Millions of kids and teenagers from every part of the world wet the bed every single night. It’s so common that there are probably other kids in your class who do it. Most kids don’t tell their friends, so it’s easy to feel kind of alone, like you might be the only one on the whole planet who wets the bed. ___1___.

　　The fancy name for bedwetting is nocturnal enuresis. Enuresis runs in families. This means that if you urinate, or pee, while you are asleep, there’s a good chance that a close relative also did it when he or she was a kid. __2__.(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)第二套)

　　The most important thing to remember is that no one wets the bed on purpose. It doesn’t mean that you’re lazy or a slob. __3__. For some reason, kids who wet the bed are not able to feel that their bladders is full and don’t wake up to pee in the toilet. Sometimes a kid who wets the bed will have a realistic dream that he’s in the bathroom peeing – only to wake up later and discover he’s all wet. May kids who wet the bed are very deep sleepers. ___4___.

　　Some kids who wet the bed do it every single night. Others wet some nights and are dry on others. A lot of kids say that they seem to be drier when they sleep at a friend’s or a relative’s house. __5__. So the brain may be thinking, “Hey, Don’t wet someone else’s bed! ” This can help you stay dry if you’re not aware of it.

　　A. The good news is that almost all kids who wet the bed eventually stop.

　　B. Trying to wake up someone who wets the bed is often like trying to wake a log—they just stay asleep.

　　C. It’s something you can’t help doing.

　　D. just like you may have inherited your mom’s blue eyes or your uncles’ long legs, you probably inherited bedwetting, too.

　　E. That’s because kids who are anxious about wetting the bed may no sleep much or only very lightly.

　　F. But you are not alone.

　　參考答案：

　　1F　2D　3C　4B　5E

　　2016職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考點(diǎn)詞匯匯總

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 　　【備考經(jīng)驗(yàn)】2016年職稱英語詞匯記憶技巧匯總

　　Einstein Named "Person of the Century"

　　Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday.

　　A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius，Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of the 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology.

　　"The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic，but technological 一 technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science. ” wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance. (1)

　　Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt1 to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi2 as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics. 、

　　"What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedom's fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom. ” said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.

　　Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. (2) He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams3 ?

　　In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. (3) Everything else — mass，weight, space, even time itself — is a variable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation ： energy equals mass times the speed of light squared — E = mc2.

　　(4) "There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality."

　　Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein，an avowed pacifist4，signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. (5) Einstein did not work on the project.

　　Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.

　　詞匯：

　　unravel 解開 personify 象征，體現(xiàn)

　　synonymous 同義的 intricate 復(fù)雜的

　　runner-up 亞軍，第二名 constant 常量

　　icon 象征;圖符 variable 變量

　　totalitarianism 極權(quán) equation 等式

　　注釋：

　　1.President Franklin Roosevelt:美國第 32 任總統(tǒng)羅斯福(1882—1945)

　　2.Mahatma Gandhi:印度政治和精神領(lǐng)袖、改革家甘地(1869—1948)

　　3.He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams.他無法忍受一切都安排得死死的教學(xué)，討厭考試。

　　4.avowed pacifist:公開承認(rèn)的和平主義者(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補(bǔ)全短文專項(xiàng)小測(cè)第二套)

　　練習(xí)：

　　A "Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics. ” Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Time's choices.

　　B How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general public's view about Albert Einstein.

　　C ” Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein. ”

　　D Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" that secretly developed the first atomic weapon.

　　E In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become.

　　F In his “ Special Theory of Relativity ”，Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.C本文主要講愛因斯坦為20世紀(jì)人類科學(xué)作出的重大貢獻(xiàn)。本段是理論物理學(xué)家史蒂芬?霍金在《時(shí)代》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇評(píng)價(jià)愛因斯坦所作貢獻(xiàn)的文章中的幾句話，他說世界在近100年里發(fā)生的改變比歷史上任何一個(gè)世紀(jì)的改變都大得多。原因不是政治的或經(jīng)濟(jì) 的,而是基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的發(fā)展直接引發(fā)的科技。這兩句話并未提及愛因斯坦，因此此處選C最合適：“很顯然，沒有哪個(gè)科學(xué)家比艾爾伯特?愛因斯坦更能代表這些進(jìn)步。”those在此發(fā)揮了銜接作用。

　　2.E本段簡要介紹愛因斯坦早年生平。E說：“愛因斯坦在小時(shí)候并未顯示日后會(huì)成為大科學(xué)家的任何天賦。”后一句話實(shí)際上是對(duì)E的詳細(xì)解釋。

　　3.F本段主要介紹愛因斯坦提出的相對(duì)論。第一句話告訴我們1905年的時(shí)候愛因斯坦發(fā)表一個(gè)人類歷史上展現(xiàn)出最具奇巧想象力的理論，第三、第四句話是具體解釋相對(duì)論，F(xiàn)說: “在他的‘特殊相對(duì)論’中，愛因斯坦描述了為什么宇宙中唯一不多的是光速。”由此看來F 放在此處最合適，其中constant和variable意思相反，構(gòu)成詞匯銜接(>\化01 cohesion)。

　　4.A本段是伊薩克森在《時(shí)代》雜志上的一篇文章中對(duì)相對(duì)論的深遠(yuǎn)意義所做的評(píng)述,他說: “相對(duì)論間接地為道德、藝術(shù)和政治領(lǐng)域中新的相對(duì)主義的出現(xiàn)鋪平了道挺。”后一句是對(duì)此的進(jìn)一步解釋。、

　　5.D本段主要講愛因斯坦與原子能和原子武器發(fā)展的關(guān)系。前一句告訴我們愛因斯坦1939 年在一封給羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的敦促美國搶在納粹德國之前研制原子彈的信上簽了名。D說：“羅斯福對(duì)這項(xiàng)建議十分關(guān)注，遂制訂了秘密制造第一顆原子彈的‘曼哈頓計(jì)劃’。”后一句說愛因斯坦未參與這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，其中the project指的就是the “Manhattan Project"。

　　譯文：愛因斯坦被稱作“世紀(jì)之人”

　　艾爾伯特?愛因斯坦的有關(guān)空間時(shí)間和物質(zhì)的理論幫助揭開T原子和宇宙的秘密，星期天他被《時(shí)代》雜志選為“世紀(jì)之人”。

　　愛因斯坦的名字成了科學(xué)天才的同義詞，他比任何其他人都更能代表為科技時(shí)代奠定基礎(chǔ)的繁榮的20世紀(jì)科學(xué)思想。

　　理論物理學(xué)家史蒂芬?霍金在《時(shí)代》上的一篇文章中寫道：“世界在近100年里發(fā)生的改變比歷史上任何一個(gè)世紀(jì)的改變都要大得多。原因不是政治的或經(jīng)濟(jì)的，而是科技的——基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的發(fā)展直接引發(fā)的科技。很顯然，沒有哪個(gè)科學(xué)家比艾爾伯特?愛因斯坦更能代表這些進(jìn)步。”

　　與此同時(shí)，富蘭克林?羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)代表了自由民主戰(zhàn)勝了法西斯，穆哈默德?甘地在民族主權(quán)和****成為全球政治的關(guān)鍵因素時(shí)成為世紀(jì)偶像。

　　《時(shí)代》雜志編輯華特?伊薩克森說：“我們看到的是代表自由反抗獨(dú)裁的巨大勝利的富蘭克林?羅斯福，個(gè)人為人民權(quán)利斗爭(zhēng)的巨大勝利的化身——甘地，偉大的天才和科學(xué)革命的標(biāo) 志——愛因斯坦，這次科學(xué)革命帶來了驚人的有助于擴(kuò)大自由的科技發(fā)展。”

　　愛因斯坦于1879年出生在德國的烏爾姆。愛因斯坦在小時(shí)候并未顯示日后會(huì)成為大科學(xué)家的任何天賦。他學(xué)說話學(xué)得很晚，在小學(xué)里也并不出色。他無法忍受一切都安排得死死的教學(xué)，討厭考試o

　　然而1905年他發(fā)表了歷史上人類所能想象的最復(fù)雜的理論之一。在他的“特殊相對(duì)論”中，愛因斯坦描述了為什么宇宙中唯一不變的是光速。任何其他事物——質(zhì)量、重量、空間甚至?xí)r間本身——都是可變量。他當(dāng)時(shí)向世界提出了現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)非常著名的方程：能量等于質(zhì)量乘以光速的平方——E = mc2。

　　伊薩克森在《時(shí)代》上的一篇文章中寫道：“相對(duì)論間接地為道德、藝術(shù)和政治領(lǐng)域中新的相對(duì)主義的出現(xiàn)鋪平了道路。人們?cè)絹碓讲幌嘈沤^對(duì)，不僅對(duì)時(shí)間而言，也包括真理和道德o，’

　　愛因斯坦的等式也是原子能和核武器發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。1939年，在逃離歐洲法西斯的迫害并定居在普林斯頓大學(xué)后的第六年，公開承認(rèn)的和平主義者——愛因斯坦——在一封給羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的敦促美國搶在納粹德國之前開發(fā)原子彈的信上簽了名。羅斯福對(duì)這項(xiàng)建議十分關(guān)注，遂制訂了秘密制造第一顆原子彈的“曼哈頓計(jì)劃”。愛因斯坦沒有參與這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

　　2016職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考點(diǎn)詞匯匯總

　　2016職稱英語《衛(wèi)生類》語法考點(diǎn)匯總
 　　【備考經(jīng)驗(yàn)】2016年職稱英語詞匯記憶技巧匯總