2013年自考英語(二)課文譯文:孩子的自尊

　　孩子的自尊

　　Self-esteem is what people think about themselves -- whether or not they feel valued -- and when family members have self-respect, pride, and belief in themselves, this high self-esteem makes it possible to cope with the everyday problems of growing up.

　　自尊是人們對自己的看法――是否自己被重視。當家庭成員擁有自尊、自豪和自信時，這種強烈的自尊心會使解決成長中的日常問題成為可能。

　　Successful parenting begins by communicating to children that they belong, and are loved for no other reason than just because they exist. Through touch and tone of voice parents tell their infants whether or not they are valued, special, and loved, and it is these messages that form the basis of the child's self-esteem. When children grow up with love and are made to feel lovable despite their mistakes and failures, they are able to interact with others in a responsible, honest, and loving way. A healthy self-esteem is a resource for coping when difficulties arise, making it easier to see a problem as temporary,manageable, and something from which the individual can emerge.

　　成功的育兒之道始于讓孩子知道，他們屬于這個家庭，他們受到寵愛沒有別的原因，就因為他們自身的存在。通過言傳身教，父母讓孩子知道，他們是否受到重視，是否嬌貴、是否被寵愛。這些信息構(gòu)成了孩子自尊的基礎(chǔ)。孩子在愛的環(huán)境中成長時，盡管他們有缺點和失敗，他們?nèi)阅芨械阶约菏强蓯鄣?，他們就能夠以一種負責任的、誠實的、充滿愛心的方式與人交往。當出現(xiàn)困難時，健康的自尊心是一種解決困難的手段，它能使人們更傾向于把問題看成是暫時的、可處理的、可以解決的。

　　If, however, children grow up without love and without feelings of self-worth, they feel unlovable and worthless and expect to be cheated, taken advantage of, and looked down upon by others. Ultimately their actions invite this treatment, and their self-defeating behavior turns expectations into reality. They do not have the personal resources to handle everyday problems in a healthy way, and life may be viewed as just one crisis after another. Without a healthy self-esteem they may cope by acting out problems rather than talking them out or by withdrawing and remaining indifferent toward themselves and others. These individuals grow up to live isolated, lonely lives, lacking the ability to give the love that they have never received.

　　然而，如果孩子們在沒有愛心、沒有自尊感的環(huán)境中成長，他們就感受不到愛的力量，他們會認為自己一無是處，總認為自己要被人期騙、利用和輕視。最后他們的行為招致了這種境遇，他們自欺的行為把理想變成了現(xiàn)實。他們沒有能力用健康的方式處理日常問題，在他們看來，生活就是危機四伏。沒有健康的自尊心，他們處理問題時，不是把問題談出來，而是用行動把問題表現(xiàn)出來，或者是采取退縮和對自己和他人保持冷漠的態(tài)度。這些人長大以后會過一種孤獨的、寂寞的生活，他們?nèi)狈o予別人愛心的能力，因為他們從沒接受過愛。

　　Self-esteem is a kind of energy, and when it is high, people feel like they can handle anything. It is what one feels when special things are happening or everything is going great. A word of praise, a smile, a good grade on a report card, or doing something that creates pride within oneself can create this energy. When feelings about the self have been threatened and self-esteem is low, everything becomes more of an effort. It is difficult to hear, see, or think clearly, and others seem rude, inconsiderate, and rough. The problem is not with others, it is with the self, but often it is not until energies are back to normal that the real problem is recognized.

　　自尊心是一種能量，當它充盈之時，人們好像無所不能。它是人們在發(fā)生特殊事情或每件事情都進展順利時的感覺。一句贊揚，一個微笑、一個好成績或激發(fā)起內(nèi)心自豪的事情都會創(chuàng)造這種能量。當自我感覺受到威脅、自尊心不足時，一切事情都在更大程度上變成了一種需要費力去做的負擔。人就難以耳聰目明、思維清晰，別人似乎都粗魯、不體諒人、甚至粗暴。其實，問題不在別人身上，而是在自己身上，但常常等到有充足的自尊心后，人們才認識到真正的問題。

　　Children need help understanding that their self-esteem and the self-esteem of those they interact with have a direct effect on each other. For example, a little girl comes home from school and says, “I need lovings' cause my feelings got hurt today.?The mother responds to her child's need to be held and loved. If instead the mother said she was too busy to hold the little girl, the outcome would have been different.

　　孩子需要人們的幫助才能理解他們的自尊心和與他們所交往的人們的自尊心都會相互產(chǎn)生直接的影響。例如，一個小女孩從學(xué)?；丶艺f：“我需要愛撫，因為今天我的感情受到傷害了?！焙⒆有枰獡肀Ш蛺蹞?，母親對此作出了反應(yīng)。假如母親沒有那樣做，而說太忙，沒有時間來擁抱、愛撫孩子，其結(jié)果將會是不同的。

　　The infant's self-esteem is totally dependent on family members, and it is not until about the time the child enters school that outside forces contribute to feelings about the self. A child must also learn that a major resource for a healthy self-esteem comes from within. Some parents raise their children to depend on external rather than internal reinforcement through practices such as paying for good grades on report cards or exchanging special privileges for good behavior. The child learns to rely on others to maintain a high self-esteem and is not prepared to live in a world in which desirable behavior does not automatically produce a tangible reward such as a smile, money, or special privileges.

　　嬰兒的自尊完全依賴于家庭成員，直到上學(xué)時，外界的壓力才會作用于他們的自我感覺。孩子也必須認識到健康的自尊心的一個重要來源是自己。一些家長在實踐中依靠外部而不是內(nèi)部的強化手段來撫養(yǎng)孩子。例如孩子的成績單上有了好成績就可以得到獎賞，有良好的行為就給予表揚。孩子學(xué)會了依靠別人來維持自己強烈的自尊心，卻對現(xiàn)實世界的生活沒有絲毫準備。因為在現(xiàn)實世界中，令人滿意的行為并不會自動帶來實在的報償，如一個微笑、金錢或特權(quán)。

　　Maintaining a healthy self-esteem is a challenge that continues throughout life. One family found that they could help each other identify positive attitudes. One evening during an electric storm the family gathered around the kitchen table, and each person wrote down two things that they liked about each family member. These pieces of paper were folded and given to the appropriate person, who one by one opened their special messages. The father later commented, "It was quite an experience, opening each little piece of paper and reading the message. I still have those gifts, and when I've had a really bad day, I read through them and I always come away feeling better.”

　　保持健康的自尊心是一個人一生不懈的任務(wù)。有一個家庭發(fā)現(xiàn)他們能夠相互幫助是一種積極的態(tài)度。在一個暴風雨的晚上，全家人圍坐在餐桌旁，每人就每一家庭成員寫下兩件他所喜歡的事情。把寫好的紙折疊起來然后交給每個相關(guān)的人，由他逐一打開。父親后來評論說：“打開每一張紙片，讀著其中的話語，那是一個極不尋常的體驗。我仍然保留著這些禮物。當我某一天心情特別不好時，我就讀一遍這些紙條，而后感覺就好多了。”

　　The foundation of a healthy family depends on the ability of the parents to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth to each child. This is the basis on which self-esteem is built, and as the child grows, self-esteem changes from a collection of other's feelings to become personal feelings about the self. Ultimately a person's self-esteem is reflected in the way he or she interacts with others.

　　健康的家庭基礎(chǔ)建立在父母把愛、信任、自重傳授給每個孩子的能力上。這是自尊心的基礎(chǔ)。隨著孩子的成長，自尊心就會由別人對他多種多樣感覺的總和轉(zhuǎn)變成他個人的自我感覺。最終，一個人的自尊心就反映在他或她與別人交往的方式上。

?2013年7月各省市自考成績查詢?nèi)肟趨R總

?各地10月自考時間

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